As we know that PPE is used to reduce or minimize risk exposure, which could be from physical, chemical, ergonomic, or biological agents; so if we are asked “When Should PPE Be Used in the Workplace“?
The simple and direct answer is that we need PPE when there is a tendency of exposure to any form of risk.
We are very selective of the words we use – “Tendency“, this word represents likelihood, any chance, etc. What this simply means is this: you do not wait for the exposure to happen before you start looking for PPE; the need for PPE should be determined during your risk assessment.
So let us state our answer in very clear terms;
When Should PPE Be Used in the Workplace? Practical Instances
We need PPE when there is a tendency of exposure from physical, chemical, ergonomic, or biological agents, which will help reduce the exposure and further mitigate the associated risk.
Some situations where we need PPE are:
- As a temporary control, until a permanent control is put in place.
- When other controls are not available, adequate or not feasible at the time.
- During an emergency, when there is no time for a more permanent control.
Let’s discuss more:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be used as a last line of defense when risks cannot be eliminated through other control measures. Below are specific situations:
1. During Welding Operations: Welding exposes workers to intense heat, flying sparks, and harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation that can cause severe burns and eye injuries. Even brief exposure without protection can result in conditions like arc eye or permanent vision damage. Workers must wear appropriate PPE such as welding helmets with UV shields, flame-resistant gloves, and protective aprons to minimize risk. Without this equipment, injuries are not only likely but often severe and long-lasting.
2. While Handling Hazardous Chemicals: In many workplaces, employees come in contact with corrosive or toxic chemicals that can burn the skin, irritate the eyes, or damage the respiratory system. Whether it’s mixing cleaning solutions, pouring acids, or transporting chemical containers, there’s always a risk of accidental spills or splashes. Workers must wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, aprons, and sometimes respirators to stay protected. Proper PPE prevents immediate harm and also long-term health issues.
3. When Working at Heights: Jobs that involve climbing ladders, scaffolding, or working on rooftops expose workers to the danger of falling. Even a fall from a few meters can result in fractures, head injuries, or fatalities. Using PPE like full-body harnesses attached to secure anchor points, along with non-slip footwear and helmets, can be life-saving. These measures are especially crucial in construction, maintenance, and roofing tasks where fall hazards are part of daily operations.
4. In Noisy Environments: In factories, workshops, and construction sites, continuous exposure to loud machinery or power tools can damage hearing over time. Noise above 85 decibels is enough to cause permanent hearing loss if precautions aren’t taken. Workers must wear ear protection such as earmuffs or earplugs to prevent long-term auditory damage. PPE in such environments helps employees maintain concentration and communication while protecting their hearing from irreversible harm.
5. When Dealing with Airborne Particles or Dust: Some tasks produce large amounts of dust or airborne particles that can enter the lungs and lead to serious respiratory conditions. Workers involved in sanding, sawing, or cutting concrete are at risk of inhaling fine particles like silica, which can cause silicosis or asthma. Wearing dust masks or approved respirators helps protect the respiratory system. This is especially important in industries like construction, mining, and woodworking, where dust exposure is common.
6. During Electrical Work: Working around live electrical circuits presents the danger of electric shock, burns, and arc flashes. These incidents can occur instantly and have devastating consequences, including cardiac arrest or severe skin burns. Electricians and maintenance staff must use PPE like insulated gloves, arc-rated clothing, and rubber-soled safety boots to reduce risk. Even a small mistake in such environments can be fatal, making PPE an essential safeguard against unseen electrical hazards.
7. In Cold Storage or Extreme Weather Conditions: Jobs in refrigerated warehouses, freezer rooms, or outdoor winter settings expose workers to low temperatures for extended periods. Without proper protection, there’s a risk of frostbite, hypothermia, and loss of dexterity. PPE such as insulated jackets, thermal gloves, and waterproof boots helps retain body heat and ensure comfort and mobility. Workers in food storage, logistics, and outdoor construction must be adequately protected to perform their duties safely in the cold.
Examples of PPEs
Gloves – Gloves protect your hands from germs and physical injury.
Masks – Cover your mouth and nose. Examples include surgical masks, respirators, canisters, etc.
Eye protection – Includes face shields, eye goggles, etc.
Protective Clothing – Includes coveralls, gowns, aprons, head coverings, and shoe covers.
READ: Heat PPE: PPE Used To Prevent Heat in the Workplace
Personal Protective Equipment List
- Gloves
- Hearing protection
- Respirator
- Goggles
- Helmet
- Hard hat
- Eye protection
- Face shield
- Earplug
- Steel-toe boot
- Mask
- Dust mask
- Safety harness
- Shoes
- Fire extinguisher
- Earmuffs
- Welding helmet
- Full Face Mask
- Welding goggles or a shield
- Face and eye protection
- Safety Glasses and Goggles
- Glasses
- Safety Masks
- Harnesses
READ: PPE (Personal Protective Equipment); Everything You Should Know
Why is PPE Important in the Workplace
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the workplace is important for several reasons. We will highlight some of the reasons here:
1. It Offers Protection From Hazards: PPE is designed to protect workers from various workplace hazards, such as physical, chemical, biological, and ergonomic risks. This includes protection from injuries, exposure to harmful substances, and other occupational risks.
2. For Legal and Regulatory Compliance: Many countries have laws and regulations that require employers to provide and ensure the use of PPE when necessary. Failing to comply with these regulations can result in legal consequences and fines.
3. To Prevent Injuries and Illnesses: PPE helps prevent workplace injuries and illnesses by providing a barrier between workers and potential hazards. This can reduce the likelihood of accidents and illnesses, improving workplace safety and reducing worker compensation claims.
4. Reducing Health Care Costs As It Prevents Injuries: By preventing workplace injuries and illnesses, PPE can help reduce healthcare costs for both employees and employers. This includes medical expenses, insurance premiums, and other related costs.
5. Maintains Steady Productivity: When employees are protected by PPE, they are less likely to suffer injuries or illnesses that could lead to time off work. This helps maintain productivity by ensuring that the workforce is healthy and available for work.
6. Enhances Employee Morale: Knowing that their safety is a priority, employees are more likely to feel valued and motivated in their work. This can improve morale, job satisfaction, and employee retention.
7. Protects Against Contagious Diseases: In certain industries, such as healthcare or food service, PPE like gloves, masks, and gowns is crucial for preventing the spread of infectious diseases among employees and customers.
8. Offer Specialized Protection: PPE can be tailored to specific workplace hazards. For example, construction workers may need hard hats and steel-toed boots for protection against falling objects and crushing hazards, while laboratory workers may require lab coats and safety goggles to prevent chemical exposure.
9. Aid in Emergency Preparedness: PPE is essential during emergencies, such as fires, chemical spills, or natural disasters. It can provide immediate protection to workers until they can safely evacuate or address the emergency.
10. Promote Good Safety Culture: Encouraging the use of PPE in the workplace fosters a culture of safety. When employees see that their employers prioritize safety, they are more likely to take safety precautions seriously.
READ: What Is Risk Appetite?
PPE is important in the workplace as it helps protect workers from a wide range of hazards, ensures compliance with legal requirements, reduces injuries and illnesses, and contributes to a safer and more productive work environment.